The development of the international human rights protection system at the regional level (African Union example)
37 33
Keywords:
Africa, the African Union, the African Charter, colonialism, human rights,Abstract
In the article the author explores the human rights protection system, functioning at the regional level in the framework of the African Union. As an example, consider individual landmark case in the practice of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’, which had a positive impact in the protection of human rights in the region. The authors conclude that, within the jurisdiction of this institution formulates its own principles and norms of human rights, accumulated the necessary experience of cooperation between Member States, within its membership and, in general, is a region-wide process of advocacy development, but all the same needs to be improved.References
1 Gawanas B. The African Union: Concepts and Implementation Mechanisms Relating to Human Rights. – P. 135-163 //
URL: http://www.kas.de/ upload/auslandshomepages/namibia/Human_Rights_in_Africa/6_Gawanas.pdf
2 African (Banjul) Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (Adopted 27 June 1981, OAU Doc. CAB/LEG/67/3 rev. 5, 21
I.L.M. 58 (1982), entered into force 21 October 1986) // URL: http://www.achpr.org/files/instruments/achpr/Banjul _charter.pdf
3 M’Baye K.B., Ndiaye B. The Organization of African Unity (OAU) // The International Dimensions of Human Rights. –
Paris: UNESCO, 1982. – Vol. 2. – P. 583-616.
4 Heyns Ch. «A ‘struggle approach’ to human rights». In Heys, C & K Stefiszyn (Eds). Human rights, peace and justice in Africa: A reader. – Pretoria: Pretoria University Law Press, 2006. – 432 p.
5 Annan K. Adress to the AU Summit in Banjul, the Gambia // URL: http:// www.africa.union.org
6 Abashidze A.H., Solncev A.M. Regional’nye sistemy zashhity prav cheloveka: uchebnoe posobie / otv. red. A.H. Abashidze. – M.: RUDN, 2012. – 395 s.
7 Abashidze A.H., Solncev A.M. Jubilej Afrikanskoj Hartii prav cheloveka i narodov // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2012. – № 2. – S. 22-25.
8 Obshhaja teorija prav cheloveka / rukovoditel’ avtorskogo kollektiva i otvetstvennyj redaktor d.ju.n. E.A. Lukasheva. – M.: NORMA, 1996. – 520 s.
9 International Pen, Constitutional Rights Project, Interights jn behalf of Ken Saro-Wiwa Jr. v. Nigeria, 12th Annual Activity Report (2000). // AHRLR 212. – African Comm’n Human & Peoples’ Rights, 1998.
10 Zegveld v. Eritrea, Commc’n. No. 250/2002, 17th Activity Report. // African Comm’n Human and Peoples’ Rights, 2003.
11 Centre for Minority Rights Development (Kenya) and Minority Rights Group International on behalf of Endorois Welfare Council v. Kenya (2009) // AHRLR 75 (ACHPR 2009).
12 Jawara v. Gambia (2000) // AHRLR 107 (ACHPR).
13 SERAC v. Nigeria (2001) // AHRLR 60 (ACHPR 2001).
14 DRC v. Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda (2004) // AHLRL 19 (ACHPR 2003).
15 Abashidze A.H., Gol’tjaev A.O. Universal’nyj periodicheskij obzor situacii s pravami cheloveka v SShA: Vosprinimaet li Vashington spravedlivuju kritiku mirovogo soobshhestva? – M.: RUDN, 2011. – S. 131–139.
16 Missii Afrikanskoj komissii po pravam cheloveka i narodov. Oficial’nyj sajt Ko-missii // URL: http://www.achpr.org/english/_
info/reports _en.html
17 Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, adopted on June 10, 1998, OAU Doc OAU/LEG/EXP/
AFCHPR/PROT (III) (entered into force Jan. 25, 2004) // URL: http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/protocol-africancourt.pdf
18 Judgment in the matter Michelot Yogogombaye versus the Republic of Senegal. Application No 001/2008, 15th December
2009. // URL: http://www1.umn. edu/humanrts/africa/comcases/1-2008.pdf
19 Juma D. Provisional measures under the African Human Rights System: The African Court’s order against Libya // Wisconsin International Law Journal. – 2002. – Vol. 30, № 2. – P. 344-373.
20 Res. 1970, U.N. Doc. S/RES/1970 (Feb.26, 2011); U.N. Human Rights Council, Rep. of the International Commission of Inquiry to Investigate an Alleged Violation of International Human Rights Law in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, 36, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/17/44 (June 1, 2011).
21 African Common on Human and Peoples’ Rights v. Great Socialist People’s Republic of Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Application
No. 004/2011, Order for Provisional Measures, (African Ct. Human and Peoples’ Rights, Mar. 25, 2011) // URL: http://www.african-court.org/fileadmin/documents/Court/Cases/Order_for_ Provisional_Measures_against_Libya.pdf
22 The International Centre to the Legal Protection of Human Rights, INTERIGHTS. http://www.interights.org; Press Release,
Libya: Africa’s Rights Body Should Act Now...Groups Urge Continent’s Human Rights Commission to Take Steps to Halt Abuses,
Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (Feb. 25, 2011) // URL: http://www.eipr.org/en/pressrelease/2011/02/25/1105
23 Decision on the communication submitted by the Institute for human rights and development in Africa and the Open society
justice initiative (on behalf of children of Nubian descent in Kenya) against the Government of Kenya, 22.03.2011 (communication
no. com/002/2009) // URL: http://www.ihrda.org/2011/09/african-children%E2%80%99s-rights-committee-publishes-first-everdecision/
URL: http://www.kas.de/ upload/auslandshomepages/namibia/Human_Rights_in_Africa/6_Gawanas.pdf
2 African (Banjul) Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (Adopted 27 June 1981, OAU Doc. CAB/LEG/67/3 rev. 5, 21
I.L.M. 58 (1982), entered into force 21 October 1986) // URL: http://www.achpr.org/files/instruments/achpr/Banjul _charter.pdf
3 M’Baye K.B., Ndiaye B. The Organization of African Unity (OAU) // The International Dimensions of Human Rights. –
Paris: UNESCO, 1982. – Vol. 2. – P. 583-616.
4 Heyns Ch. «A ‘struggle approach’ to human rights». In Heys, C & K Stefiszyn (Eds). Human rights, peace and justice in Africa: A reader. – Pretoria: Pretoria University Law Press, 2006. – 432 p.
5 Annan K. Adress to the AU Summit in Banjul, the Gambia // URL: http:// www.africa.union.org
6 Abashidze A.H., Solncev A.M. Regional’nye sistemy zashhity prav cheloveka: uchebnoe posobie / otv. red. A.H. Abashidze. – M.: RUDN, 2012. – 395 s.
7 Abashidze A.H., Solncev A.M. Jubilej Afrikanskoj Hartii prav cheloveka i narodov // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2012. – № 2. – S. 22-25.
8 Obshhaja teorija prav cheloveka / rukovoditel’ avtorskogo kollektiva i otvetstvennyj redaktor d.ju.n. E.A. Lukasheva. – M.: NORMA, 1996. – 520 s.
9 International Pen, Constitutional Rights Project, Interights jn behalf of Ken Saro-Wiwa Jr. v. Nigeria, 12th Annual Activity Report (2000). // AHRLR 212. – African Comm’n Human & Peoples’ Rights, 1998.
10 Zegveld v. Eritrea, Commc’n. No. 250/2002, 17th Activity Report. // African Comm’n Human and Peoples’ Rights, 2003.
11 Centre for Minority Rights Development (Kenya) and Minority Rights Group International on behalf of Endorois Welfare Council v. Kenya (2009) // AHRLR 75 (ACHPR 2009).
12 Jawara v. Gambia (2000) // AHRLR 107 (ACHPR).
13 SERAC v. Nigeria (2001) // AHRLR 60 (ACHPR 2001).
14 DRC v. Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda (2004) // AHLRL 19 (ACHPR 2003).
15 Abashidze A.H., Gol’tjaev A.O. Universal’nyj periodicheskij obzor situacii s pravami cheloveka v SShA: Vosprinimaet li Vashington spravedlivuju kritiku mirovogo soobshhestva? – M.: RUDN, 2011. – S. 131–139.
16 Missii Afrikanskoj komissii po pravam cheloveka i narodov. Oficial’nyj sajt Ko-missii // URL: http://www.achpr.org/english/_
info/reports _en.html
17 Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, adopted on June 10, 1998, OAU Doc OAU/LEG/EXP/
AFCHPR/PROT (III) (entered into force Jan. 25, 2004) // URL: http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/protocol-africancourt.pdf
18 Judgment in the matter Michelot Yogogombaye versus the Republic of Senegal. Application No 001/2008, 15th December
2009. // URL: http://www1.umn. edu/humanrts/africa/comcases/1-2008.pdf
19 Juma D. Provisional measures under the African Human Rights System: The African Court’s order against Libya // Wisconsin International Law Journal. – 2002. – Vol. 30, № 2. – P. 344-373.
20 Res. 1970, U.N. Doc. S/RES/1970 (Feb.26, 2011); U.N. Human Rights Council, Rep. of the International Commission of Inquiry to Investigate an Alleged Violation of International Human Rights Law in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, 36, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/17/44 (June 1, 2011).
21 African Common on Human and Peoples’ Rights v. Great Socialist People’s Republic of Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Application
No. 004/2011, Order for Provisional Measures, (African Ct. Human and Peoples’ Rights, Mar. 25, 2011) // URL: http://www.african-court.org/fileadmin/documents/Court/Cases/Order_for_ Provisional_Measures_against_Libya.pdf
22 The International Centre to the Legal Protection of Human Rights, INTERIGHTS. http://www.interights.org; Press Release,
Libya: Africa’s Rights Body Should Act Now...Groups Urge Continent’s Human Rights Commission to Take Steps to Halt Abuses,
Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (Feb. 25, 2011) // URL: http://www.eipr.org/en/pressrelease/2011/02/25/1105
23 Decision on the communication submitted by the Institute for human rights and development in Africa and the Open society
justice initiative (on behalf of children of Nubian descent in Kenya) against the Government of Kenya, 22.03.2011 (communication
no. com/002/2009) // URL: http://www.ihrda.org/2011/09/african-children%E2%80%99s-rights-committee-publishes-first-everdecision/
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