Formation and Development of the Educational System in Türkiye

Abstract

In this article, the authors consider issues related to the formation and development of the education system in Turkey. Today, Turkey is one of the leaders in the educational services market in Central Asia. Lyceums, schools, colleges and universities affiliated with the official Ankara are in great demand. The special popularity is due to the fact that, unlike traditional educational institutions, Turkish institutions have managed to prove their competitiveness. In addition, most Kazakh universities have agreements with Turkish universities on dual degree programs, academic exchange or internships. The popularity is also due to the fact that for the majority of the population, Turkish universities are a unique opportunity to receive foreign education at an affordable price. The experience of the formation of the national education system and entry into the global educational community is unique and requires careful study. Of course, Turkish universities are inferior to European, American and other foreign countries in terms of the quality of education determined by international rating agencies. Turkey is trying to use the popularity of its establishments as a tool to promote its national interests and form its positive image. In the article, the authors conducted a historical review of the development of the education system in Turkey from the era of the decline of the empire to the present day.

Key words: Turkey, education, «soft power», national interests, competitiveness, lyceums, Central Asia.