TRENDS IN KAZAKHSTAN HIGHER EDUCATION: THE DEMOGRAPHIC DIMENSION
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Ключевые слова:
economic situation, government programs, demographic phenomena,Аннотация
The article "Trends in Kazakhstan higher education: the demographic dimension" explores some of the challenges facing the government in the implementation of reforms in the educational system whole. One of the major problems associated with the demographic factor. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan and many other former Soviet republics, it has entered into an economic tailspin. The decline of GDP and economic difficulties that engulfed the country in the next few years, accompanied by a significant reduction in the fertility rate. Today, the problem is obvious, there is a decrease in the number applicants and students.Библиографические ссылки
1. Abazov, Rafis and Ibrayeva, Galiya. “Can Kazakhstan’s Education Reforms Dodge in Face of the Global
Economic Meltdown?,” Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Analyst, Issue 01/14/2009 , http://www.cacianalyst.org.
2. The Russian population dropped from 37.4% in 1989 to 29.9% in 2000. Positive population growth began
according to US Census Bureau in 2002 while the Kazakhstan National Statistics Department estimates that positive
population growth began in 2003, but at a faster rate than suggested by the US Census Bureau
3. Library of Congress Country Studies: Kazakhstan, 1996 www.loc.gov
4. The Kazakhstan Republic Statistical Agency estimates the population of Kazakhstan in 2008 at 15,571,506. А.
Kasenova, “2008 zhili Kazakstan Respublikasindfi khalik saninin ozgerii turali Ov: izmenenii chislennosti naseleniya
Respubliki Kazakhstan v 2008 gody,” Kazakstan Respublikasi Statistika Agenttigi, 2008.
5. U.S. Census Bureau, International Data Base, www.census.gov/ipc/www/idp.
6. The US Census Bureau estimates population growth of around 0.4%, the United Nations suggests a growth rate
of 0.7% and the Kazakhstan Republic Statistics Department at 1.3%. Table 1 uses the more conservative estimates of
the US Census Bureau. If, however, higher growth rates are more accurate, then the estimates for both cohorts will be
higher after 2009.
7. The UNT has five sections: four compulsory and one elective subjects. The four compulsory subjects are
language (Kazakh or Russian), mathematics, history of Kazakhstan, the Kazakh language for the schools with the
Russian language of instruction and Russian for the schools with the Kazakh language of instruction
8. Kazakhstan Today, “Unified National Testing began in Kazakhstan,” June, 6, 2009, www.gazeta.kz.
9. Kassenova, Asiya. “Eloquent arithmetic of the education. About local universities,” Kazakhstani Pravda,
August 2, 2008, http://kazpravda.kz. Asiya Kassenova is Director of the Department of Social and Demographic
Statistics, Statistical Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan
10. Kazakhstan is planning to increase the number of secondary and pre-secondary schooling from 11 to 12 years
beginning in 2010. The plan envisions a phase-in over a number or years. However, this will have a short term
negative effect on higher education applicants
11. For a brief overview of the history of Kazakhstan higher education, See “Kazakhstan: Higher Education,”
StateUniversity.com. http://education.stateuniversity.com/ pages/764/ Kazakhstan-HIGHER-EDUCATION.html,
Accessed June 10, 2009.
12. In 2007, there were 176 higher education institutions with an additional 81 branches. Nine were national, 46-
state owned or partially state-owned, 14 military and 107 private institutions. In 1995, there were 41 private institutions.
See G. Zhakenov, “Kazakhstan National Report on Higher Education System Development,”
http://www.unesco.kz/education/he/kazakh/kazakh_eng.htm.
13. In 2007, the Ministry inspected 143 out of 176 higher education institutions. See Zinaida Rumleanscaia,
“Kazakhstan Completes Major Shakedown of Higher Education Institutions,” American Association of Collegiate
Registrars and Admissions Officers, 09/20/2007 www.aacrao.org
14. 81.2% students pay tuition fees themselves. Asiya Kassenova, “Eloquent arithmetic of the education. About local universities,” Kazakhstani Pravda, August 2, 2008, http://www.kazpravda.kz
15. “ New University of Astana to begin its work this autumn,” Kazakhstan Today, 02.06.2009,http://www.kt.kz/index.php?uin=1141192335&chapter=1153487862
Economic Meltdown?,” Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Analyst, Issue 01/14/2009 , http://www.cacianalyst.org.
2. The Russian population dropped from 37.4% in 1989 to 29.9% in 2000. Positive population growth began
according to US Census Bureau in 2002 while the Kazakhstan National Statistics Department estimates that positive
population growth began in 2003, but at a faster rate than suggested by the US Census Bureau
3. Library of Congress Country Studies: Kazakhstan, 1996 www.loc.gov
4. The Kazakhstan Republic Statistical Agency estimates the population of Kazakhstan in 2008 at 15,571,506. А.
Kasenova, “2008 zhili Kazakstan Respublikasindfi khalik saninin ozgerii turali Ov: izmenenii chislennosti naseleniya
Respubliki Kazakhstan v 2008 gody,” Kazakstan Respublikasi Statistika Agenttigi, 2008.
5. U.S. Census Bureau, International Data Base, www.census.gov/ipc/www/idp.
6. The US Census Bureau estimates population growth of around 0.4%, the United Nations suggests a growth rate
of 0.7% and the Kazakhstan Republic Statistics Department at 1.3%. Table 1 uses the more conservative estimates of
the US Census Bureau. If, however, higher growth rates are more accurate, then the estimates for both cohorts will be
higher after 2009.
7. The UNT has five sections: four compulsory and one elective subjects. The four compulsory subjects are
language (Kazakh or Russian), mathematics, history of Kazakhstan, the Kazakh language for the schools with the
Russian language of instruction and Russian for the schools with the Kazakh language of instruction
8. Kazakhstan Today, “Unified National Testing began in Kazakhstan,” June, 6, 2009, www.gazeta.kz.
9. Kassenova, Asiya. “Eloquent arithmetic of the education. About local universities,” Kazakhstani Pravda,
August 2, 2008, http://kazpravda.kz. Asiya Kassenova is Director of the Department of Social and Demographic
Statistics, Statistical Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan
10. Kazakhstan is planning to increase the number of secondary and pre-secondary schooling from 11 to 12 years
beginning in 2010. The plan envisions a phase-in over a number or years. However, this will have a short term
negative effect on higher education applicants
11. For a brief overview of the history of Kazakhstan higher education, See “Kazakhstan: Higher Education,”
StateUniversity.com. http://education.stateuniversity.com/ pages/764/ Kazakhstan-HIGHER-EDUCATION.html,
Accessed June 10, 2009.
12. In 2007, there were 176 higher education institutions with an additional 81 branches. Nine were national, 46-
state owned or partially state-owned, 14 military and 107 private institutions. In 1995, there were 41 private institutions.
See G. Zhakenov, “Kazakhstan National Report on Higher Education System Development,”
http://www.unesco.kz/education/he/kazakh/kazakh_eng.htm.
13. In 2007, the Ministry inspected 143 out of 176 higher education institutions. See Zinaida Rumleanscaia,
“Kazakhstan Completes Major Shakedown of Higher Education Institutions,” American Association of Collegiate
Registrars and Admissions Officers, 09/20/2007 www.aacrao.org
14. 81.2% students pay tuition fees themselves. Asiya Kassenova, “Eloquent arithmetic of the education. About local universities,” Kazakhstani Pravda, August 2, 2008, http://www.kazpravda.kz
15. “ New University of Astana to begin its work this autumn,” Kazakhstan Today, 02.06.2009,http://www.kt.kz/index.php?uin=1141192335&chapter=1153487862
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Современные проблемы внешней политики и международных отношений
